I had a very interesting discussion with a friend from Canada regarding economic growth. We tried together to select some significant factors which can lead to huge GDP growth; I personally believe that economic high-growth is almost certain to reap substantial long-term benefit in terms of poverty reduction and wider human development. We discussed over Southeast Asian economies which once enjoyed average annual economic growth rates of 7% over many years. Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Singapore were once the backbones of Southeast Asian economies which lead other nation in the region to grow also. 
The countries shared five broad characteristics during high-growth periods: -- Globalized economies. Integration into the global economy facilitates not only trades but also inward transfers of technology and knowledge from abroad, which enable developing countries to catch up economically with developed countries. Foreign Direct Investment is a major vehicle for these transfers, but so is foreign education and foreign networking by nationals. At this point, Indonesia sometimes found itself highly relied on domestic demand, which was actually not good. Malaysia and Singapore somehow protect their economy by pursuing trade surplus and promote protectionism within the country. -- Stability. Sustained high economic growth requires long-term policies which engender long-term saving and investment decisions. -- Saving and investment. High savings and investment rates sustain economic growth. -- Free markets. I do not really agree with this though. But no other system has succeeded in generating sustained high economic growth. Liberalizing product markets generates competition, and liberalizing labor markets creates conditions for workers to move among companies--a key component (alongside training and education) of protecting people rather than jobs, companies, or sectors. -- Good leadership. Sound economic frameworks are unlikely to generate sustained economic growth in the long term unless well-functioning and visionary governments maintain and drive them. These need not necessarily be democratic; from the perspective of sustaining long-term economic growth, critical elements are strategy and communication, credibility and inclusion.
The countries shared five broad characteristics during high-growth periods: -- Globalized economies. Integration into the global economy facilitates not only trades but also inward transfers of technology and knowledge from abroad, which enable developing countries to catch up economically with developed countries. Foreign Direct Investment is a major vehicle for these transfers, but so is foreign education and foreign networking by nationals. At this point, Indonesia sometimes found itself highly relied on domestic demand, which was actually not good. Malaysia and Singapore somehow protect their economy by pursuing trade surplus and promote protectionism within the country. -- Stability. Sustained high economic growth requires long-term policies which engender long-term saving and investment decisions. -- Saving and investment. High savings and investment rates sustain economic growth. -- Free markets. I do not really agree with this though. But no other system has succeeded in generating sustained high economic growth. Liberalizing product markets generates competition, and liberalizing labor markets creates conditions for workers to move among companies--a key component (alongside training and education) of protecting people rather than jobs, companies, or sectors. -- Good leadership. Sound economic frameworks are unlikely to generate sustained economic growth in the long term unless well-functioning and visionary governments maintain and drive them. These need not necessarily be democratic; from the perspective of sustaining long-term economic growth, critical elements are strategy and communication, credibility and inclusion.As for Indonesia, we are less-globalized, compared to our neighbors which makes us remarkably strong in defending our economy against global crisis. But in the long-run, we must create a niche for our economy to slip in, and make 60% globalized. (now only 30%). We are quite stable, our foreign investment jumped 117%, yes one-one-seven percent, last year, and put us as the country which attracted the biggest foreign investment last year in ASEAN. Good leadership? Our leaders aren't really good, but at least we can keep them on track with national agenda. So, why don't we gain 10% annual economic growth? Only by pushing economic growth to 10% can we be a developed country in 15 years. 
SO, WHAT IS STOPPING US?
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